2017考研趣味閱讀：“拍腦袋決定”當(dāng)選澳大利亞2015年度熱詞

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Captain's call - a phrase "plucked" from the cricket pitch and politicised by former Australian Prime Minister Tony Abbott - has become the Macquarie Dictionary's Word of the Year for 2015.

“拍腦袋決定(原意：隊(duì)長的決定)”一詞源于板球運(yùn)動，后因被用來戲謔澳大利亞前總理托尼·阿博特而變成政治術(shù)語。現(xiàn)在，該詞已被麥夸里辭典列為“2015年度熱詞”。

Mr Abbott's controversial choice to award Prince Philip a knighthood was one of his many "captain's calls".

阿博特做過不少“拍腦袋的決定”，其中包括授予英國菲利普親王騎士頭銜，此事讓他備受爭議。

The noun is defined as "a decision made by a political or business leader without consultation with colleagues".

這個名詞是指“一個由政治或商業(yè)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人所做的決定，未經(jīng)與其同僚商議過。”

The dictionary said the word "perfectly encapsulates" Australia in 2015.

該辭典稱這個詞“完美總結(jié)”了2015年的澳大利亞。

"There has been an interesting change in usage; an infrequent item of the jargon of cricket makes the leap into politics and is now being used generally with an ironic tinge to it that is very Australian," the Macquarie Dictionary said in a statement.

“這個詞在用法上發(fā)生了一個十分有趣的變化;一個并不常見的板球術(shù)語進(jìn)入到了政治領(lǐng)域，并且，人們在使用該詞時通常帶有諷刺意味，這種情況極富澳大利亞色彩，”麥夸里辭典在聲明中如是說。

Coming in second was the word "lumbersexual" - a portmanteau of lumberjack and metrosexual - referring to urban men who adopt the style of an outdoorsman as a fashion statement.

排名第二的年度熱詞是“伐木型男”。它是伐木工人和都市型男這兩個詞的合成詞，指那種以戶外運(yùn)動為時尚的都市男性。

Other contenders for Australia's best word in 2015

澳大利亞2015年度熱詞候選

1. deso: Colloquially refers to a designated driver, who refrains from drinking alcohol in order to drive others safely home. Also, deso driver.

的搜：口語中通常指代駕司機(jī)，他們?yōu)榱税踩�載送顧客回家而不能飲酒。也可稱“的搜司機(jī)”。

2. open kimono: A business policy of sharing information freely with an outside party.

開放式和服：指開放信息共享的商業(yè)政策。

3. keyboard warrior: a person who adopts an excessively aggressive style in online discussions which they would not normally adopt in person-to-person communication, often in support of a cause, theory, world view, etc.

鍵盤俠：指那些在網(wǎng)上參與話題討論時，對與自己立場、理論、世界觀不同的人，采取惡語相向、攻擊性態(tài)度的人，而這些人在現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中與人交流時卻并不是這樣。

4. ghost plate: a clear plastic numberplate cover which becomes opaque when viewed from certain angles, thereby obscuring the registration number; designed to circumvent identification by speed cameras.

鬼牌：一種透明塑料車牌膜，會使車牌從某些特定角度看來模糊不清;這是專為躲避超速相機(jī)抓拍車牌而設(shè)計(jì)的。

5. athleisure: clothing, shoes, etc., designed for both exercise and general casual wear.

運(yùn)動休閑風(fēng)：既適合運(yùn)動又很悠閑的衣服、鞋子等。

6. tri-tip: a cut of beef, taken from the bottom of the sirloin.

三角肉：牛里脊最下面的那塊肉。

7. digital disruption: Commerce the impact of digital technology in making various established industries and products obsolete.

數(shù)字化沖擊：在商業(yè)領(lǐng)域中，受信息技術(shù)發(fā)展的沖擊而淘汰的大量工廠和產(chǎn)品。

8. abandoned porn: a genre of photography which romanticises abandoned buildings and urban areas in a state of decay. Also, ruin porn.

廢墟藝術(shù)照：一種攝影類型，通過攝影技術(shù)使被遺棄的建筑和衰退區(qū)呈現(xiàn)一種頹廢的浪漫色彩。英文也可以稱之為“ruin porn”。

9. wombat gate: a swing gate installed in a ditch going underneath a fence, so that wombats, who follow very predictable patterns at night, can come and go without destroying the fence.

袋熊門：一種旋轉(zhuǎn)門，安裝在籬笆下面的溝渠里。夜晚袋熊喜歡朝顯眼的地方走，這個旋轉(zhuǎn)門可以吸引袋熊的注意力從而防止它踩壞籬笆。

Vocabulary

knighthood：騎士身份

encapsulate：概述

obsolete：廢棄的;老式的