2017翻譯碩士：中華思想文化術(shù)語翻譯選讀——坤

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坤(kūn)

“八卦”之一，由三個“陰爻”組成，畫為“☷”。又為“六十四卦”之一，由六個“陰爻”組成，畫為“”。按照易學(xué)的解釋，由于“坤”卦全部由“陰爻”組成，因此具有純“陰”之性，被用以象征各種“陰”性的事物或原則。
“坤”卦的基本象征意義是地，在社會領(lǐng)域主要象征女性、母親、臣民等社會角色以及柔順寬厚的行事原則。結(jié)合“坤”卦的各種象征意義，“坤”還被賦予了創(chuàng)生、長養(yǎng)萬物之義。

Kun

One of the eight trigrams, kun(坤) consists of three yin lines: ☷. It is also one of the 64 hexagrams when it consists of six yin lines:

. According to scholars on The Book of Changes, as the kun trigram is composed only of yin lines, it is purely yin and is thus used to symbolize all yin things or principles. The kun trigram symbolizes earth, and when it comes to society, it symbolizes the social roles played the by the female, the mother, and the subjects of the ruler, as well as gentle, kind, and generous ways of doing things. In this context, kun also means creating and nourishing all things under heaven.

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【引例】

坤，順也。(《周易•說卦》)

至哉坤元，萬物資生，乃順承天。(《周易•彖上》)

The kun trigram means gentleness. (The Book of Changes)

Great is the kun hexagram! All things owe their existence to kun, since it represents the will of Heaven. (The Book of Changes)