2017考研英語拓展閱讀：2016劍橋和牛津世界排名下滑

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The UK has 10 universities in the top 100 of the world’s best when it comes to global reputation, but many have slipped down the rankings this year.

在世界頂級大學百強榜上，英國占了10所。然而今年，多所學校排名有所下滑。

Cambridge and Oxford remain in the top five, at fourth and fifth place respectively, but both have moved down two places on their 2015 ranking.

劍橋和牛津仍然保持在前五名，分別位列第四和第五，但二者均比2015年排行下滑了2個名次。

The US dominates the Times Higher Education (THE) reputation rankings, with Harvard and MIT in top places.

美國包攬了泰晤士高等教育(THE)聲望排行榜，哈佛和麻省理工學院名列前茅。

Asia has 17 universities in the top 100 - up from 10 in last year’s rankings.

亞洲有17所大學進入百強-與去年的10所相比有所增加。

The highest rated Asian universities are the University of Tokyo in Japan in 12th place and China’s Tsinghua University in 18th place and Peking University in 21st place and the National University of Singapore in 26th place.

排名最前的亞洲大學是日本東京大學(12名)、中國清華大學(18名)、北京大學(21名)及新加坡國立大學(26名)。

These are rankings based on reputation and perceived status, based on the opinions of an international panel of academics.

這些排名依據學校的聲譽、地位以及國際學術專家組的意見而定。

These are separate from the university rankings based on research and teaching quality.

它與針對研究和教學質量的大學排名相互獨立。

Three London universities stay in the top third of the reputation table - Imperial College London at 15, University College London at 20 and the London School of Economics and Political Science at 24 - but each has fallen slightly on last year’s ranking.

三所倫敦的大學位列排行榜前三分之一-倫敦帝國學院(15名)、倫敦大學學院(20名)以及倫敦政治經濟學院(24名)-但這三所學校相比去年，名次均有小幅下滑。

University of Edinburgh (38th), King’s College London (43rd), University of Manchester (joint 49th), London Business School (between 81st and 90th) and University of Warwick (between 81st and 90th) also made the top 100 global reputation ranking.

愛丁堡大學(38名)、倫敦大學國王學院(43名)、曼徹斯特大學(并列49名)、倫敦商學院(81到90名之間)以及華威大學(81到90名之間)也進入全球聲譽大學百強名單。

The University of Bristol and Durham University have fallen out of the top 100, bringing the UK’s total number of universities in the rankings to 10 for 2016 - down from 12 last year.

布里斯托大學和杜倫大學未能進入百強名單，因而2016英國進入百強榜單的大學為10所-相比去年的12所有所下降。

The 10 top institutions by reputation are:

聲譽最佳大學前十強：

1.Harvard University, US

1.哈佛大學，美國

2.Massachusetts Institute of Technology, US

2.麻省理工學院，美國

3.Stanford University, US

3.斯坦福大學，美國

4.University of Cambridge, UK

4.劍橋大學，英國

5.University of Oxford, UK

5.牛津大學，英國

6.University of California, Berkeley, US

6.加州大學伯克利分校，美國

7.Princeton University, US

7.普林斯頓大學，美國

8.Yale University, US

8.耶魯大學，美國

9.Columbia University, US

9.哥倫比亞大學，美國

10.California Institute of Technology, US

10.加州理工學院，美國

Diminishing performance’

表現退步

THE rankings editor Phil Baty said the UK had lost ground this year.

THE排名編輯費爾巴蒂說，英國今年有所退步。

"Even the country’s most prestigious institutions have slipped, with the universities of Cambridge and Oxford each dropping two places to fourth and fifth place respectively," he said.

“全英最有聲望的院校竟然也下滑了，劍橋和牛津都退步了兩名，排到了第四和第五。”他說。

"The UK’s diminishing performance occurs as institutions in Asia rapidly rise up the table - the continent has 17 representatives, up from 10 last year."

“英國表現退步，而亞洲學府卻表現優異-亞洲有17所高校入選，而去年只有10所。”

Mr Baty said cuts to higher education funding and a series of immigration measures affecting overseas students were "starting to have an impact" on the UK’s global reputation.

巴蒂先生說，高等教育經費減少以及一系列影響海外學生的移民措施對英國的全球聲譽“開始產生影響”。

"The UK will have to ensure that it can still draw in talent and investment from across the world and it does not lose its position at the heart of higher education’s global elite," he added.

“英國必須確保這個國家還能繼續吸引全球的人才及投資，而不會失去它在全球高等教育精英中心的地位。”他補充。

Asia snapping at heels’

亞洲緊隨其后

Dr Wendy Piatt, director general of the Russell Group of leading universities, said the UK had some of the very best universities in the world, but it was "no time to rest on our laurels".

羅素集團大學總經理溫迪皮亞特博士說，英國擁有一些世界頂尖的大學，但它“不能坐吃山空”。

"These rankings can be seen as a warning that the rest of the world is catching up with us and Asian universities, in particular, are snapping at our heels.

“這些排名可以看作是一個警告，世界其他大學正緊緊跟隨我們，尤其是亞洲大學，正緊隨其后。”

"We risk losing out on further business and overseas funding unless there is greater investment in our world-class universities and a more risk-based, proportionate approach to regulation.

“除非在我們的世界級大學上有更多投資，以及采取更加基于風險和更加均衡的管理方法，否則我們將面臨著失去進一步商業和海外投資的機會。

"Our key international competitors recognise that world-class universities are central to their success."

“國際上我們的主要競爭對手也承認，世界一流大學對我們的成功是至關重要的。”