2018年考研英語沖刺必備：近十年高頻短語200個(gè)

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►經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易類

1.改革產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu) reform the structure of industries

2. 虧損企業(yè) loss-making enterprises

3. 搞活企業(yè) enliven enterprises

4. 加快現(xiàn)代化步伐 quicken the modernization drive

5. 跨國公司 transnational corporation / multinational corporation

6. 解放生產(chǎn)力 emancipate/ liberate productivity

7.振興國家經(jīng)濟(jì) invigorate our state economy

8.全面深化改革 deepen reform all round

9.提高經(jīng)濟(jì)效益 improve economic results

10.宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)調(diào)控 macro-economic control and management

11. 經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力 economic strength

12. 經(jīng)營機(jī)制 operative mechanism

13. 整頓經(jīng)濟(jì)秩序 rectify economic order

14. 引進(jìn)競爭機(jī)制 introduce a competitive mechanism

15. 建立技術(shù)密集型企業(yè) set up technologically-intensive enterprises

16. 招商引資 canvass business and introduce investment

17. 房地產(chǎn) real estate

18. 經(jīng)濟(jì)特區(qū) special economic zone

19. 基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施 infrastructure facilities

20. 豆腐渣工程 jerry-built projects

21. 投資熱點(diǎn) investment hot spot

22. 外向型經(jīng)濟(jì) export-oriented economy

23. 按勞分配 distribute according to the work performance

24. 打破平均主義 break / abandon equalitarian

25. 沿海開放城市 open coastal cities

26. 國民生產(chǎn)總值 Gross National Product

27. 扶貧項(xiàng)目 anti-poverty project

28. 協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展 coordinate the development

29. 住房改革 housing reform

30. 社會(huì)保障體系 social security system

31. 數(shù)字時(shí)代 digital times

32. 信息高速公路 the information superhighway

33. 虛擬社區(qū) virtual communities

34. 市場蕭條 slack market

35. 假冒偽劣商品 fake and poor quality commodities

36. 謀取暴力 reap colossal profits

37. 投訴 lodge complaint

38. 貿(mào)易爭端 trade disputes

39. 亂收費(fèi) random charges

40. 市場疲軟 sluggish market

41. 實(shí)行優(yōu)惠政策 launch a preferential policy

42. 繁榮市場 flourish the market

43. 加入世貿(mào)組織 accession to the WTO/ entry into the WTO

44. 消費(fèi)者協(xié)會(huì) consumer’s association

45. 消費(fèi)者購買力 consumer purchasing power

46. 新興市場 emerging market

47. 抑制消費(fèi) control / inhibit consumption

48. 無形資產(chǎn) intangible assets

49. 有形資產(chǎn) tangible assets

50. 市場占有率 market share

51. 嚴(yán)重違約 grave breach of contract

52. 泡沫經(jīng)濟(jì) bubble economy

53. 品牌效應(yīng) brand effect

54. 企業(yè)重組 reshuffle of enterprises

55. 貿(mào)易壁壘 trade barrier

56. 人才流失 brain drain

57. 商業(yè)炒作 commercial speculation

58. 擴(kuò)大內(nèi)需，刺激消費(fèi) expand domestic demand and consumption

59. 拉動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長 fuel economic growth

60. 連鎖反應(yīng) chain reaction / domino effect

61. 競爭優(yōu)勢 competitive edge

62. 經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整 economic restructuring

63. 經(jīng)濟(jì)增長點(diǎn) economic growth point ; growth engine

64. 經(jīng)濟(jì)過熱 overheated economy

65. 分期付款 installment payment

66. 從粗放經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)榧�約經(jīng)濟(jì) shift from extensive economy to intensive economy

67. 不良貸款 non-performing loan

68. 促進(jìn)全球經(jīng)濟(jì)一體化 foster integration with the global economy

69. 脫貧致富 shake/cast off poverty and set out a road to prosperity

70. 資源優(yōu)化配置 optimizing the allocation of resources

►政治類

71. 不正之風(fēng) bad / harmful practice

72. 霸權(quán)主義 hegemonism

73. 奔小康 strive for a better-off life

74. 持續(xù)發(fā)展 sustainable development

75. 社會(huì)主義物質(zhì)文明 socialist material wellbeing

76. 社會(huì)主義精神文明 socialist culture and ideology

77. 實(shí)現(xiàn)中華民族偉大復(fù)興 bring about a great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation

78. 發(fā)展是硬道理 Development is an invariable truth

79. 堅(jiān)持四項(xiàng)基本原則 uphold the four cardinal principles

80. 多極化 multi-polarization

81. 科學(xué)技術(shù)是第一生產(chǎn)力 Science and technology are the primary productive force.

82. 機(jī)構(gòu)臃腫 overstaffing in organization

83. 機(jī)構(gòu)改革 institutional restructuring; streamlining

84. 反腐倡廉 fight corruption and build a clean government

85. 核心競爭力 core competitiveness

86. 減員增效 downsizing of staff and improving efficiency

87. 減輕農(nóng)民負(fù)擔(dān) reduce farmer’s burdens; lighten the burden on them

88. 跨越式發(fā)展 great-leap-forward development

89. 民主集中制 democratic centralism

90. 講誠信﹑反欺詐 honor credibility and oppose cheating

91. 強(qiáng)權(quán)外交 power diplomacy

92. 求同存異 seek common ground on major issues while shelving differences on minor ones

93. 綜合國力 comprehensive national strength

94. 濫用權(quán)力 abuse one’s power; misuse one’s authority

95. 廉政建設(shè) build a clean and honest government

96 思想僵硬 fossilized concept

97 拜金主義 money worship

98. 知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán) intellectual property right

99. 走后門 get in by the back door / enter by the back door

100. 貪臟枉法 take bribes and bend the law

101. 以權(quán)謀私 abusing power for money

102. “一國兩制”的原則 the principle of “one country, two systems:”

103. 全國人民代表大會(huì) National People’s Congress

104. 與國際接軌 synchronize with the world; accord with international norms

105. 最低生活保障制度 systems for ensuring a minimum standard of living

106. 養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn) endowment insurance

107. 以經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)為中心 focus on the central task of economic construction

108. 實(shí)事求是 seek truth from facts

109. 試點(diǎn)工程 pilot project

110. 戰(zhàn)略伙伴關(guān)系 strategic partnership

►教育與科學(xué)技術(shù)類

111. 素質(zhì)教育 quality-oriented education

112. 啟發(fā)式教學(xué) heuristic education

113. 復(fù)合型人才 interdisciplinary talent

114. 九年制義務(wù)教務(wù)教育 nine-year compulsory education

115. 德智體美勞全面發(fā)展

all around development of moral, intellectual,physical,aesthetics and labor education

116. 因材施教 teach students according to their aptitude

117. 人才流失 brain drain

118. 陶冶情操 cultivate one’s taste and temperament

119. 學(xué)生減負(fù) alleviate the burden on students

120. 學(xué)術(shù)交流 academic exchanges

121. 德才兼?zhèn)?have both political integrity and ability

122. 攻讀碩士學(xué)位 study for a doctoral degree

123. 文科生 students of liberal arts

124. 理科生 students of science

125. 愛國主義教育 education in patriotism

126. 畢業(yè)論文 graduation thesis

127. 義務(wù)教育 compulsory education

128. 高等教育 higher education

129. 教育部 Ministry of Education

130. 世界觀﹑人生觀﹑價(jià)值觀 word outlook, outlook on life and values

131. 科教興國 rely on science, technology and education to rejuvenate the nation

132. 可持續(xù)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略 strategy of sustainable development

133. 技術(shù)密集型產(chǎn)品 technology-intensive product

134. 新興學(xué)科 new branch of science

135. 邊緣學(xué)科 frontier science

136. 電腦病毒 computer viruses

137. 電子商務(wù) e-commerce; e-business

138. 數(shù)字地球 digital globe

139. 人工智能 artificial intelligence

140. 網(wǎng)上犯罪 cyber crime

141. 信息高速公路 information highland

142. 網(wǎng)民 netizen

143. 虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí) virtual reality

144. 基因工程 genetic engineering

145. “神舟六號(hào)”載人飛船 manned spacecraft Shenzhou VI

146. 網(wǎng)絡(luò)經(jīng)濟(jì) cyber-economy

147. 網(wǎng)蟲 netter; Internet geek

148. 網(wǎng)戀 cyber romance; virtual romance

149. 科技扶貧 support poor areas using technology

150. 科研攻關(guān) work towards key technological breakthroughs

►文化社會(huì)生活類

151. 彩票 lottery ticket

152. 保健食品 health-care food

153. 暴發(fā)戶 new rich; upstart

154. 下崗工人 laid-off workers

155. 人口老齡化 aging/ graying population

156. 人口高峰 baby boom

157. 人口負(fù)增長 negative population growth

158. 再就業(yè)工程 re-employment project

159. 自由職業(yè)者 free lancer

160. 性別歧視 sexual discrimination

161. 性價(jià)比 cost performance

162. 水貨 smuggled goods

163. 文化滲透 cultural infiltration

164. 跳槽 job-hopping

165. 公益廣告 public-interest advertisement

166. 出國熱 craze for going abroad

167. 社會(huì)福利制度 the social welfare system

168. 享受公費(fèi)醫(yī)療 enjoy public health care

169. 世界衛(wèi)生組織 World Health Organization (WHO)

170. 吸毒者 a drug addict

171.傳銷 pyramid-selling; multi-level marketing

172. 流動(dòng)人口 moving population

173. 黃昏戀 twilight love

174. 賀歲片 New Year film

175. 記者招待會(huì) press/ news conference

►環(huán)境法律醫(yī)療類等

176. 溫室效應(yīng) green-house effect

177. 沙漠化 desertification

178. 過度放牧 overgrazing

179. 過度捕魚 over-fishing

180. 濫砍亂伐 clear-cutting

181. 退耕還林 return cultivated land to forest

182. 沙塵暴 sand storm

183. 生態(tài)危機(jī) ecological forest

184. 破壞生態(tài)平衡 destroy / upset the ecological balance

185. 自然保護(hù)區(qū) nature reserve

186. 環(huán)境綠化 environmental greening

187. 禽流感 bird flu

188. 瘋牛病 mad cow disease/ BSE

189. 口蹄疫 foot-and-mouth disease

190. 非典 severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)

191. 偷稅﹑騙稅 tax evasion and tax fraud

192. 掃黃打非 eliminate pornography and illegal publications

193. 嚴(yán)打斗爭 strike-hard campaign

194. 公正合理的國際政治經(jīng)濟(jì)新秩序

a new and rational new international political and economic order

195. 外交紛爭 diplomatic disputes

196. 維護(hù)世界和平 safeguard world peace

197. 國際慣例 international common practice

198. 民族分裂主義 ethnic separatism

199. 宗教極端主義 religious extremism

200. 世界的基本格局 basic world pattern