,word,thought,doubt,truth,possibility,promise,order,等有一定內涵的名詞,而定語從句的先行詞可以是名詞、代詞,主句的一部分或是整個主句,如: The possibility that the majority of the labour force will work athome is often discussed。人們經常討論大多數勞動力將會在家里工作的可能性。(同位語從句)
Our teamhas won the game, which made us very happy. 我們的隊贏了,這讓我們很高興。(定語從句)
Theorder that we should send a few people to help the other groups was receivedyesterday. 我們應派幾個人去幫別的幾個小組的命令昨天收到了。(同位語從句,是對order的具體解釋,that雖不作成分,但不能省略。)
Theorder that we received yesterday was that we should send a few people to helpthe other groups. 我們昨天收到的命令是我們應該派幾個人去幫助別的幾個小組。(定語從句,是名詞order的修飾語,that在從句中作received的賓語,可以省略。)
【真題例句】
The issue of whether life ever existed on the planet,and whether it persists to this day, has been highlighted by mounting evidencethat the Red Planet once had abundant stable, liquid water and by thecontinuing controversy over suggestions that bacterial fossils rode to Earth ona meteorite from Mars。
【解析】
句子可拆分為:The issue of //whether life everexisted on the planet, and whether it persists to this day, //has beenhighlighted //by mounting evidence //that the Red Planet once had abundantstable, liquid water and //by the continuing controversy over suggestions//that bacterial fossils rode to Earth on a meteorite from Mars。
主句為:Theissue of whether life ever existed on the planet, and whether it persists tothis day, has been highlighted by… and by…。主句主語的結構為: The issue of whether…and whether…。of 短語修飾the issue, of 短語較長一般譯在后面;that the Red Planet…是evidence的同位語從句,(即是evidence的具體內容)。that bacterial fossils…是suggestions的同位語從句,說明suggestions的具體內容。)第一個同位語從句可以直接翻譯在所修飾詞后面。第二個同位語可以放在所修飾的名詞前面,充當定語。