2021年考研英語一翻譯解析（第46-50題）

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Part C: Read the following text are fully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.( 10 points)

46. Those societies came out of the war with levels of enrollment that had been roughly constant at 3%-5% of the relevant age groups during the decades before the war.

【解析】1.這句話主干為Those societies came out of the war.

2. with levels of enrollment是介賓短語作狀語;

3. that had been roughly constant at 3%-5% of the relevant age groups是定語從句修飾前面levels of enrollment.

【參考譯文】戰(zhàn)爭結(jié)束后，這些社會的入學(xué)率仍舊保持在戰(zhàn)前幾十年里相關(guān)年齡段的3%-5%。

47. And the demand that rose in those societies of entry to higher education extended to groups and social classes that had not thought of attending a university before the war.

【解析】1. 這句話主干為the demand extended to groups and social classes，其中extended為謂語動詞;

2. that rose in those societies of entry to higher education定語從句修飾demand;

3. that had not thought of attending a university before the war定語從句修飾前面groups and social classes.

【參考譯文】那些社會中對獲得高等教育的需求不斷上升，戰(zhàn)前沒有想過上大學(xué)的群體和社會階層也逐步有了這樣的需求。

48. In many countries of western Europe, the numbers of student in higher education doubled within five-years periods during the 1960s and doubled again in seven, eight or 10 years by the middle of 1970 s.

【解析】這句話主干為the numbers of student in higher education doubled and double again，In many countries of western Europe為地點狀語，其他部分為時間狀語從句。

【參考譯文】20世紀(jì)60年代，許多西歐國家接受高等教育的學(xué)生人數(shù)在5年內(nèi)翻了一番，到70年代中期，在7年、8年或10年里又翻了一番。

49. and when the new staff are predominantly young men and women fresh from past graduate study, they largely define the norms of academic life in that faculty.

【解析】這句話主干為they largely define the norms of academic life in that faculty，when引導(dǎo)的是時間狀語從句;其中fresh from past graduate study是形容詞短語修飾men and women。

【參考譯文】新員工當(dāng)中大部分是剛畢業(yè)的年輕男女時，他們在很大程度上定義了該院的學(xué)術(shù)生活規(guī)范。

50. High growth rates increased the chances for academic innovation, they also weakened the forms and process by which teachers and students are admitted into a community of scholars during periods of stability or slow growth.

【解析】1.這句話主干是一個并列句為High growth rates increased the chances for academic innovation, they also weakened the forms and process;

2. by which teachers and students are admitted into a community of scholars during periods of stability or slow growth定語從句修飾forms and process.

【參考譯文】高增長率增加了學(xué)術(shù)創(chuàng)新的機(jī)會，同時也削弱了教師和學(xué)生在穩(wěn)定或緩慢增長時期加入學(xué)者群體的形式和過程。