2016考研英語：閱讀理解答題技巧之快速定位法

考研英語來源：文都考研 2015-04-24　

"人間四月天"，山花爛漫，從這個春天開始，很多考生正式開始了考研復習的征程。而英語無疑是眾位考生在考研道路上面臨的一個最兇猛的攔路虎，所以歷年的考生都對英語格外重視。現在來看我們的復習時間還有很多，但是按計劃英語一定要在基礎階段就打好堅實的基礎，這樣才能在后期復習中分給政治和專業課足夠的時間。那如何打好英語的基礎，在未來的考試中拿到更高的分數?今天作者就要教大家一個基礎而高效的考研英語閱讀理解方法--"快速定位法"。

從歷年的真題來看，基本可以確定考研閱讀的常規做題方法就是：第一步分析題干，第二步原文定位，第三步匹配選項。大家在復習之初，就要銘記這個做題定律。帶著題干問題開始閱讀，然后定位原文出處。以2014年英語考研真題第25題為例：

But in Osborneland, your first instinct is to fall into dependency - permanent dependency if you can get it - supported by a state only too ready to indulge your falsehood. It is as though 20 years of ever-tougher reforms of the job search and benefit administration system never happened. The principle of British welfare is no longer that you can insure yourself against the risk of unemployment and receive unconditional payments if the disaster happens. Even the very phrase "jobseeker's allowance" - invented in 1996 - is about redefining the unemployed as a "jobseeker" who had no mandatory right to a benefit he or she has earned through making national insurance contributions. Instead, the claimant receives a time-limited "allowance," conditional on actively seeking a job; no entitlement and no insurance, at ￡71.70 a week, one of the least generous in the EU.

25. To which of the following would the author most probably agree?

[A]The British welfare system indulges jobseekers' laziness.

[B]Osborne's reforms will reduce the risk of unemployment.

[C]The jobseekers' allowance has met their actual needs.

[D]Unemployment benefits should not be made conditional.

這是一個具體信息型題目。按照快速定位法，我們根據選項定位到具體的原文出處，A選項根據大寫字母The British welfare system定位到最后一段的第三句，原文是"no longer"，判定該選項的意思與原文正好相反。B選項根據Osborne's reforms可定位到第一段第二句，意思是通過該項目可以減少失業的危險，所以B為正確答案。C選項根據題干"the jobseekers' allowance"定位到最后一段倒數第二句，該句提到"no fundamental right"，恰與C選項表意相反，所以C是反向干擾。D選項根據題干"conditional"定位到最后一段最后一句，其中只提到"conditional on actively seeking a job…"，并沒有要說以后應該怎樣，所以屬于無中生有。

正確的答案就是根據定位法匹配出來的!鑒于考研閱讀文章的篇幅非常長，信息量非常大，定位法可以幫助考生迅速將注意力集中到與試題相關的原文語句上來，有助于大家對試題的正確分析，同時節省了寶貴的時間。作者建議大家：一定要在4-6月這段時間里打好英語的基礎，向著勝利邁出你最堅實的一步吧!