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Burying Richard III

厚葬理查德三世

The hunch paid off

大力出效益

Leicester does a better job of burying a Plantagenetking at the second attempt

二葬金雀花王朝國(guó)王，萊斯特市更勝一籌

Top this, Tudors

看看人家，都鐸王朝

IT WAS reckoned to be Leicester's biggest turnout in decades—maybe since the footballer GaryLineker was made a freeman of the unfashionable Midlands city in 1995. But the 35,000people who lined its streets on March 22nd had not come to honour a living son of Leicester.They were honouring the bones of a medieval king, Richard III, dug up in a car park in 2012.

據(jù)預(yù)計(jì)，重新安葬理查德三世，會(huì)是萊切斯特市數(shù)十年來(lái)最大的集會(huì)，有可能是暨加里·萊因克爾在1995年結(jié)束足球生涯，選擇在不知名的米德蘭市做一個(gè)普通人這件事之后最大的集會(huì)。但3月22日街邊成排的3.5萬(wàn)名民眾，并不是來(lái)敬仰某個(gè)萊斯特市的大活人的。他們是來(lái)瞻仰中世紀(jì)國(guó)王—理查德三世的遺骨的，他的骨骸于2012年在一個(gè)停車(chē)場(chǎng)被挖出。

Wearing expressions of curiosity, respect, even grief, and in a few cases also doublet-and-hose, the mourners watched as the remains of a king who had ruled England over half amillennium ago were transported in splendour beyond the city to Bosworth Field; which wasperhaps the last place Richard would have wanted to revisit. That was where, in 1485, hebecame the last English king to die in battle, thus ending his Plantagenet dynasty and usheringin the Tudor age. After a further three days of pageantry and public prayer in LeicesterCathedral—which 20,000 visited to see Richard's coffin lying in state—the bones were reinterredthere on March 26th. The ceremony was televised live and attended by bishops, royals andcelebrities, including the actor Benedict Cumberbatch, a second cousin of Richard's, 16 timesremoved.

來(lái)悼念的人群或是臉上帶著好奇、或是尊敬，甚至是悲痛的表情，還有一些人兼具這些情緒。送葬者們看著這位曾在五百多年前統(tǒng)治過(guò)英國(guó)的君主的遺骨，在恢弘顯赫的儀式中，從城市之外運(yùn)送到博士沃斯原野，這也許是理查德三世最想重返的地方。1485年，在博士沃斯原野，理查德三世在玫瑰戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中陣亡，成為金雀花王朝的“亡朝”國(guó)王，由此也迎來(lái)了都鐸王朝時(shí)代。安葬盛典舉行了三天多，有約2萬(wàn)名公眾進(jìn)入萊斯特大教堂，來(lái)瞻仰理查德三世的靈柩，他的遺骨于3月26日改葬于此。這場(chǎng)安葬儀式有電視直播，與會(huì)人物有主教，王室成員，名人等，包括演員本尼迪克特·康伯巴奇，據(jù)傳是理查德三世的遠(yuǎn)方十六世侄。

The discovery of the bones was even weirder. The dig was partly instigated by a group ofenthusiasts who consider Richard, depicted by Shakespeare as a nephew-killer and “poisonousbunch-backed toad”, to have been slandered by Tudor propagandists. They point to hisachievements, including making courts use English. They also pointed, absurdly, of course, to alarge letter “R”, randomly painted onto the tarmac of the car park, which was thought possiblyto be the site of a Medieval abbey, in which Richard's corpse was thought possibly to have beenburied. The king's skeleton—complete with a staggeringly telltale scoliosis—was discovered inthe first exploratory trench, right under the letter “R”. It was authenticated by DNA testing,through a link to one of Richard's living relatives, a Canadian furniture-maker, who then madethe king's coffin.

遺骨的發(fā)現(xiàn)更不尋常。挖掘是由一群愛(ài)好者發(fā)起，他們認(rèn)為理查德被莎士比亞描繪成了一個(gè)殺害外甥的兇手，以及“有毒的駝背蛤蟆”，這些話支持都鐸王朝的人造謠中傷他的。他們指出了理查德三世的成就，包括要求法庭使用英語(yǔ)。他們還荒謬地指出，有一個(gè)大寫(xiě)字母R被胡亂寫(xiě)在停車(chē)場(chǎng)的瀝青地面上，這里疑似一中世紀(jì)修道院的遺址，而理查德三世的遺骸有可能正是被埋葬于此。在第一條考古溝中發(fā)現(xiàn)，國(guó)王的骨骸非常完整，而且有非常嚴(yán)重的、辨認(rèn)度極高的脊椎側(cè)彎，就在字母“R”的下方。遺骨已通過(guò)國(guó)王還在世親屬的DNA檢測(cè)證實(shí)，確實(shí)是理查德三世。這位親屬是一位加拿大家具制作商，后來(lái)還參與了國(guó)王靈柩的制作。

There followed a legal battle involving Leicester's authorities and another group of enthusiasts,The Plantagenet Alliance, who said the bones should be buried in Richard's ancestral city ofYork. “Over my dead body!” said the mayor of Leicester, Peter Soulsby, scenting a terrifictourism opportunity. Leicester does not have too many of those. One of its main historicalattractions, hitherto, was a suit of clothes belonging to Daniel Lambert, an early-19th-centuryjailer, who was considered the fattest man in England and is still feted as “one of the city's mostcherished icons”. Happily for Leicester, it got the nod. There is now hope that tourism willrekindle interest in Bosworth Field and other nearby historic places—including the battlefield atNaseby, in Northamptonshire, which marks one of the main clashes of the English Civil War, orthe ruined castle of Lady Jane Grey, who ruled for nine days in 1553. More important forLeicester City Council, it reckons Richard has already made ￡45m ($67m) forthe local economy—and is advertising city breaks to discover the “dynasty, death and dramatic discovery of theking's remains”, for ￡129 for two.

這引起了涉及萊斯特市政官員，及某愛(ài)好者組織的法律官司，這個(gè)組織名為金雀花王朝聯(lián)盟，他們認(rèn)為國(guó)王的遺骸應(yīng)該被葬于理查德三世的祖籍約克市。萊斯特市長(zhǎng)彼得·索爾斯嗅到這將是吸引游客千載難逢的機(jī)會(huì)，他說(shuō)：“除非從我的尸體上踩過(guò)去。”萊斯特市并沒(méi)有很多旅游資源。目前為止，主要?dú)v史景點(diǎn)之一還是丹尼爾·蘭博托的一套衣服，他是十九世紀(jì)早期的一個(gè)獄卒，被認(rèn)為是英格蘭最胖的人，而且現(xiàn)在還被供成“城里最珍貴的形象之一”。萊斯特市愉快的得到了批準(zhǔn)。現(xiàn)在就希望游客能夠重燃對(duì)博士沃斯原野的旅游興趣，北安普敦郡的博士沃斯原野記錄了英國(guó)內(nèi)戰(zhàn)的主要戰(zhàn)役，或是簡(jiǎn)·格雷夫人廢棄的城堡，她登基成為英女王僅僅九天就遭處決。對(duì)萊斯特市議會(huì)更為重要的是，據(jù)估計(jì)，理查德已經(jīng)為當(dāng)?shù)貏?chuàng)造了4500萬(wàn)英鎊(約合6700萬(wàn)美元)的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益，并且宣傳人們出城去探索“王朝，死亡以及國(guó)王遺骨戲劇化的發(fā)現(xiàn)歷程”，雙人票129英鎊。

1.want to 應(yīng)該;想要

例句:The difference between who you are and whoyou want to be is what you do.

你是什么樣的人和你想成為什么樣的之間的差距就是，你做了什么。

2.link to 與…連接，聯(lián)系

例句:They have yet to break the link with the tradeunions.

他們還必須斷絕與工會(huì)組織的聯(lián)系。

3.dig up 發(fā)現(xiàn);掘起

例句:You would have to dig up the plant yourself.

你得自己把那株植物挖出來(lái)。

4.visit to 訪問(wèn)

例句:His visit to Paris was anything but a success.

他的巴黎之行根本不成功。