2016考研英語：主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)的重要?jiǎng)釉~及短語總結(jié)

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考研英語中的語態(tài)分為兩種，主動(dòng)語態(tài)和被動(dòng)語態(tài)。如何來區(qū)別主動(dòng)語態(tài)和被動(dòng)語態(tài)呢?如果句子的主語是謂語動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者，則為主動(dòng)語態(tài);如果句子的主語是謂語動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作的承受者，則為被動(dòng)語態(tài)。

例如：我早上吃了一個(gè)蘋果。

主動(dòng)表達(dá)：I ate an apple in the morning.

被動(dòng)表達(dá)：An apple was eaten by me in the morning.

上面句中的ate 這個(gè)詞原形是eat，它具有主被動(dòng)形式。在英文中，并非所有的動(dòng)詞都具有被動(dòng)形式，針對(duì)此，文都英語老師將常用主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)的重要?jiǎng)釉~及短語作相關(guān)總結(jié)。

【1】consist of 表示“由……所組成”=be made up of

例如：The medical team consists of 3 doctors and 7 nurses.

= The medical team is made up of 3 doctors and 7 nurses.

【2】be to blame for...表示“應(yīng)負(fù)責(zé);受到責(zé)備”

例如：The driver is to blame to the accident.

【3】need, want, require表示“需要被……”時(shí)，后跟動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)

例如：The room needs/wants/requires cleaning.

=The room needs/wants/requires to be cleaned.

【4】be worth doing worth后一定跟動(dòng)名詞主動(dòng)用法。表示“值得做某事”

例如：The city is well worth visiting.

【5】weigh 表示“重……”;measure表示“測(cè)量結(jié)果為……”

例如：The melon weighs 10 pounds.

The room measures 6x6 meters.

【6】read 表示“上面寫有……字樣”

例如：The sign on the door reads : no entry.

【7】happen, take place, occur/break out, burst out 表示發(fā)生/爆炸等含義時(shí)只有動(dòng)詞形式。

例如：The accident took place last month.

【8】sell, open, drive, write, wash, wear表示“特性，性能”時(shí)用主動(dòng)用法。

例如：The book sells well.

The door opens easily.

The pen writes smoothly.

The cloth washes easily.

The sweater wears comfortably.

【9】所有的系動(dòng)詞都是主動(dòng)用法，如 look, sound, smell, taste, feel, appear, get, become, remain, go wrong/bad, come true.

對(duì)于以上這些知識(shí)點(diǎn)如果我們不是特別清楚的話，在組詞造句的時(shí)候就難免會(huì)出現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤。希望各位考生朋友認(rèn)真梳理，注重積累。