【例1】The officer was acquitted by a higher court and had his rank restored to him.那位軍官被高院無罪釋放并恢復原軍銜。
【例2】We freely exchange opinions and ideas around here, regardless of rank relationship.我們在這里可以自由地交換觀點和想法,用不著考慮上下級關系。
【同義替換】degree, classification, grade
【派生】ranker n.士兵 rankings n.排名,排行
★ vicinity
n.鄰近,附近
【例】In the vicinity of an active volcano, the soil is rather fertile.活火山附近的土壤非常肥沃。
【構詞】vicin(臨近)+-ity→附件,臨近
【同義替換】neighborhood, proximity
★ characteristic
a.(of)特有的,獨特的
n.特征,特性
【例】Arrogance is one of his less attractive characteristics.驕傲自大是他的一個缺點。
【同義替換】character, trait, feature, distinction; typical, special
【派生】characteristically ad.典型地
★ dissolve
v.(使)溶解,(使)融化;解散,取消
【例1】The salt can be dissolved in the water.鹽在水中會溶解。
【例2】All his hopes dissolved at the terrible news.聽到那個壞消息,他的一切希望都破滅了。
【構詞】dis-(分開)+solve(放松)→松開→溶解;解散
【同義替換】dismiss, solve
【派生】dissolvent n.溶劑 dissolver n.溶解裝置
★ gratitude
n.感激,感謝
【例】She felt eternal gratitude to him for saving her life.她終生感激他的救命之恩。
【構詞】grat(高興)+-itude→感激
【同義替換】appreciation, thanks
【真題】It is fair to criticize and question the mechanism—that is the culture of research, after all—but it is the prize-givers’ money to do with as they please. It is wise to take such gifts with gratitude and grace.批評和質疑獎項機制無可厚非,畢竟這是研究文化的一部分。但這些設立獎項的人想怎么花錢都行。明智的做法是以感恩的心態(tài)優(yōu)雅地接受獎金。
★ juvenile
n.青少年,少年讀物
a.青少年的,幼稚的
【例1】He is an expert in juvenile delinquency.他是研究青少年犯罪的專家。