其中,being 是可以被省略的,而且常常會在it being hot today之前加上介詞with以表示其和一個句子的區別;這樣with it being hot today 就被稱為獨立主格結構。
二、獨立主格的作用和處理方法
通常情況下,獨立主格可以表示一下幾種情況:
1、表示時間
例句:The meeting being over, all of us went home.
解析:the meeting being over相當于when the meeting was over。
2、表示條件
例句:The condition being favorable, he may succeed.
解析:the condition being favorable 相當于 if the condition is favorable。
3、表示原因
例句:There being no taxis, we had to walk.
解析:there being no taxis 相當于since there was no taxis。
4、表示伴隨狀況
例句:Almost all metals are good conductors, silver being the best of all.
解析:這句話相當于Almost all metals are good conductors, and silver is the best of all.
5、表示補充說明
例句:We redoubled our efforts, each man working like two.
解析:這句話相當于We redoubled our efforts, and each man works like two。
三、真題解析
閱讀中通常將帶有獨立主格的句子改寫為兩個句子。下面一起來看一個考研真題中的句子:President Bush campaigned to move Social Security to a saving-account model, with retirees trading much or all of their guaranteed payments for payments depending on investment returns.
解析:with retirees trading much or all of their guaranteed payments for payments depending on investment returns為獨立主格結構,可以改寫為一個句子:Retirees trade much of all of their guaranteed payments for payments depending on investment returns.使兩個句子前后為因果關系。