2016考研英語(yǔ)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人：德國(guó)人認(rèn)為幽默需要專門的訓(xùn)練

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German humour

德國(guó)幽默

Get thee to an Institute

聞所未聞的幽默培訓(xùn)

Germans concede that in humour they needprofessional help

德國(guó)人認(rèn)為幽默需要專門的訓(xùn)練

EVA ULLMANN took her master's degree in 2002 onthe part that humour has to play in psychotherapy, and became hooked on the subject. In2005 she founded the German Institute for Humour in Leipzig. It is dedicated to “thecombination of seriousness and humour”. She offers lectures, seminars and personalcoaching to managers, from small firms to such corporate giants as Deutsche Bank andTelekom. Her latest project is to help train medical students and doctors.

2002年，伊娃·烏爾曼以“幽默在心理治療中的作用”為論文研究主題獲得了博士學(xué)位，并對(duì)該主題產(chǎn)生了巨大的興趣。2005年，她在萊比錫城創(chuàng)建了德國(guó)幽默研究所，致力于研究“嚴(yán)肅和幽默之間的關(guān)系”。伊娃為管理者們(從小公司到諸如德意志銀行和德國(guó)電信之類的商業(yè)巨頭)都有進(jìn)行演講、開展討論會(huì)和個(gè)人輔導(dǎo)。最近，她正在著手訓(xùn)練醫(yī)學(xué)學(xué)生和醫(yī)生。

There is nothing peculiarly German about humour training. It was John Morreall, an American,who showed that humour is a market segment in the ever-expanding American genre of self-help. In the past two decades, humour has gone global. An International Humour Congresswas held in Amsterdam in 2000. And yet Germans know that the rest of the world considersthem to be at a particular disadvantage.

奇怪的是，德國(guó)并沒有特定的幽默培訓(xùn)。一個(gè)叫約翰·莫瑞爾的美國(guó)人指出曾經(jīng)一度膨脹的資歷的美國(guó)精神中，幽默也是市場(chǎng)的一部分。過去的20年里，幽默走向了國(guó)際。2000年國(guó)際幽默大會(huì)在阿姆斯特丹建立。在此之前，德國(guó)人還不知道在其他國(guó)家的人眼里，他們十分嚴(yán)肅。

The issue is not comedy, of which Germany has plenty. The late Vicco von Bülow, alias Loriot,delighted the elite with his mockery of German pretension and stiffness. Rhenish, Swabianand other regional flavours thrive—Gerhard Polt, a Bavarian curmudgeon, now 72, is aShakespeare among them. There is lowbrow talent too, including Otto Waalkes, a Frisianbuffoon. Most of this, however, is as foreigners always suspected: more embarrassing thanfunny.

這個(gè)議題并非是個(gè)喜劇，德國(guó)的此類例子很豐富。已故的 Vicco von Bülow, 別名Loriot,曾就以諷刺德國(guó)人的自負(fù)和固執(zhí)娛樂精英。萊茵河人，斯瓦比亞人和其他地區(qū)的精英們層出不窮——Gerhard Polt是個(gè)巴伐利亞人，脾氣很怪，現(xiàn)年72歲，就是其中的一個(gè)莎士比亞。也有一些比較膚淺的人物，比如弗里斯蘭小丑OttoWaalkes。然而大多數(shù)情況下，外國(guó)人的懷疑：往往是尷尬大于有趣。

Germans can often be observed laughing, uproariously. And they try hard. “They cannotproduce good humour, but they can consume it,” says James Parsons, an Englishmanteaching business English in Leipzig. He once rented a theatre and got students, including MrsUllmann, to act out Monty Python skits, which they did with enthusiasm. The trouble, he says,is that whereas the English wait deadpan for the penny to drop, Germans invariably explaintheir punchline.

人們常常可以看到德國(guó)人大笑。他們真的在很努力地發(fā)出笑聲。在萊比錫大學(xué)教授商務(wù)的英國(guó)人詹姆斯·帕森斯說，“他們沒法變的幽默，但他們可以表現(xiàn)得很幽默。”他曾經(jīng)租了一個(gè)歌劇廳，邀請(qǐng)了一些學(xué)生，包括烏爾曼一起表演Monty Python短劇。他們表演得很有熱情。但是，問題是，英國(guó)人會(huì)面無(wú)表情地等硬幣落下來而德國(guó)人則認(rèn)為很有笑點(diǎn)。

At a deeper level, the problem has nothing do with jokes. What is missing is the trifecta ofirony, overstatement and understatement in workaday conversations. Expats in Germanyshare soul-crushing stories of attempting a non-literal turn of phrase, to evoke a horrifiedexpression in their German interlocutors and a detailed explanation of the literal meaning,followed by a retreat into awkward politeness.

更深層次上來說，這個(gè)問題與笑話無(wú)關(guān)。他們?cè)谡�常的工作交流中，沒有一連串的諷刺，大話和保守言論。德國(guó)的外國(guó)移民設(shè)法通過非文學(xué)的方式，與當(dāng)?shù)厝私涣鞲C心的故事，對(duì)他們的德語(yǔ)朋友產(chǎn)生恐懼的印象并不得不解釋這些詞語(yǔ)的文學(xué)一次，因而最后會(huì)陷入尷尬的禮貌卻又疏離的境地。

Irony is not on the curriculum in Mrs Ullmann's classes. Instead she focuses mostly on thebasics of humorous spontaneity and surprise. Demand is strong, she says. It is a typicalGerman answer to a shortcoming: work harder at it.

諷刺不屬于烏爾曼的授課內(nèi)容。相反，她主要集中在自發(fā)幽默和驚喜的基本原則。她說人們對(duì)幽默的需求很強(qiáng)。這是典型的德國(guó)人對(duì)待缺點(diǎn)的方式：埋頭苦干。

【重點(diǎn)解析】

1.dedicate to 獻(xiàn)身于

例句:Concentrate the natural elite, Dedicate to theHuman Health.

濃縮植物精華, 締造人類健康!

2.consider to 考慮

例句:We don't consider our customers to be mereconsumers; we consider them to be our friends...

我們沒有把客戶僅僅看作是消費(fèi)者;我們還把他們當(dāng)作朋友。

3.answer to 適應(yīng)， 符合

例句:I don't quite know what to say in answer to your question.

我不太清楚如何回答你的問題。

4.such as 例如;諸如

例句:We dislike people such as him.

我們不喜歡像他這號(hào)人。