【例句】Furthermore, humans have the ability to modify the environment in which they live, thus subjecting all other life forms to their own peculiar ideas and fancies.
【分析】主干結構為:humans have the ability to modify the environment。in which they live是"介詞+which"引導的定語從句,還原后為which they live in,修飾先行詞environment。subjecting…為分詞短語做狀語。
【例句】In fact, it is difficult to see how journalists who do not have a clear grasp of the basic features of the Canadian Constitution can do a competent job on political stories.
【分析】主干結構為:it is difficult to see how journalists can do a competent job。另外,句中包含兩個從句,一是how引導的賓語從句,做see的賓語,另一個是who引導的定語從句,修飾journalists。定語從句翻譯為"對加拿大憲法的基本特征沒有一個清晰了解的記者",Canadian Constitution如果不認識就可以略過,直接翻譯為“對這個基本特征沒有一個清晰了解的記者”。